Mushroom cultivation can be a rewarding hobby or a profitable venture. With the proper knowledge and tools, you can produce a bountiful harvest of tasty and nutritious mushrooms right from the comfort of your own home. This blog post reveals the top 8 hacks for successful mushroom growing, helping you enhance your yield and enjoy the process by preventing headaches that can happen along the way. 

Mushroom cultivation is as much an art as it is a science. With these mushroom-growing hacks, you’ll be well on your way to a successful harvest. 

1. Using the Right Genetics 

Different mushroom varieties have different growing requirements. Some mushrooms, like Oyster mushrooms, are great for beginners, while others, like Shiitake or Reishi mushrooms, require more specific conditions. Other species, like dung-loving and exotic mushrooms, prefer non-wood-based substrates like coconut coir and vermiculite (CVG). So, before starting your grow, research the ideal growing requirements for your chosen variety and try to replicate these as closely as possible. 

Your mushroom’s genetics can make or break your cultivation. Here’s how to ensure top-tier quality: 

Strain Choice 

Pick a strain that matches your skill level and growing conditions. Some are easier and forgiving, perfect for beginners, while others offer higher yields but demand precision. 

Trusted Suppliers 

Get your spores or spawn from reliable suppliers. Good genetics start with high-quality, pure cultures from reputable sources. At Martian, we test every culture to ensure high yielding, easy growing genetics.  

Embrace Diversity 

Don’t stick to one strain. Growing a variety of strains enriches your harvest and broadens your cultivation knowledge. Good genetics is the cornerstone of mushroom cultivation. Choose wisely, manage well, and reap the rewards of your harvest. 

2. Get Free Expert Help (Contact the Martians 👽) 

We have a live chat where you can ask anything you would like and be connected with a member of our expert team. At Martian, we have expert in-house mycologists here to help you with any questions you may have. The mushroom community is very friendly, and everyone is always happy to help. 

The mushroom-growing community also has many excellent resources, with thousands of informative blog posts and message boards where you can interact and learn more about mushroom cultivation. This information is all free and readily available. 

3. Optimise Your Growing Environment 

Mushrooms need the right balance of light, temperature, and humidity to grow. Most mushroom varieties prefer indirect light, cool temperatures, and high humidity. 

Knowing exactly when you need to change temperature, add moisture and when you need to harvest a flush can make the difference between an average flush and a perfect flush. During the fruiting stage, the mushrooms can grow at different rates; picking the ripe mushrooms before they open will prevent the smaller pins from being covered in spores, inhibiting them from getting the light and moisture they need to grow. 

Temperature Control 

Different mushroom strains have other temperature preferences for both mycelial growth and fruiting. Using a simple thermometer, monitor and control the temperature of your growing area. In cooler climates, a heating mat or a space heater can be used to maintain optimal temperatures. 

Humidity Regulation 

Mushrooms require high humidity to grow. Humidity levels can be increased by misting the growing area with water, using a humidifier, or creating a humidity tent with a plastic bag or specialised fruiting bag. A hygrometer, a device that measures humidity, can be a valuable tool in maintaining the ideal humidity range for your mushrooms. 

Light Exposure 

While mushrooms don’t photosynthesise, they do need light to trigger the fruiting process and to guide their growth direction. Natural light is ideal, but if that’s not possible, you can use artificial lights. A simple LED or fluorescent light can work well for this purpose. 

Air Exchange 

Mushrooms release carbon dioxide as they grow and need fresh air to thrive. To provide adequate air exchange, you can manually fan your grow area several times a day, or for a more hands-off approach, install a fan or use a setup with built-in air vents. 

Substrate Selection 

Finally, the type of substrate you use can significantly impact your mushrooms’ growth. Each mushroom species prefers a certain type of substrate – for example, Oyster mushrooms prefer straw or masters mix, while shiitake mushrooms prefer hardwood. Using the right substrate for your chosen mushroom species will provide them with the nutrients they need to grow optimally. 

4. Contamination Prevention 

There is nothing worse than spending weeks of your time, only to end up with a bag of mould. Mushrooms are susceptible to contamination from bacteria, moulds, and other fungi. 

The basic principles of contamination prevention are to keep your growing area clean and always wash your hands before handling your mushrooms or mushroom growing supplies. If you spot any signs of contamination, such as unusual colours or odours, remove the affected substrate immediately to prevent it from spreading. 

Here are some more hacks to prevent contamination, one of the most common challenges in mushroom cultivation: 

Glove Box or Still Air Box (SAB) 

Building a glove box or a still air box can provide an isolated and sterile environment for working with your mushrooms. This can greatly reduce the risk of airborne contaminants coming into contact with your substrate or cultures. 

Laminar Flow Hood 

A laminar flow hood is the cornerstone of any mycology lab. This device helps to create a sterile workspace by filtering out airborne contaminants. While a professional laminar flow hood can sometimes be costly, it is worth the money if you want to set up a serious mycology or growing operation. 

Optionally, if you are looking to save a little bit of money and have the time, you can build your own laminar flow hood. 

Proper Sterilisation Techniques 

Invest in a good pressure cooker for sterilising your substrates and tools. For items that can’t withstand high heat, a 10% bleach solution or 70% isopropyl alcohol can be used. We always recommend using 70% isopropyl alcohol, as it is the king of sanitisers. 

Antifungal and Antibacterial Additives 

Consider adding natural antifungal and antibacterial agents to your substrate, such as garlic or turmeric. However, use these sparingly, as they can also inhibit mycelium growth if used in excess. 

Regular Clean-Up 

Set a regular cleaning schedule for your mushroom growing area. This includes wiping down surfaces with a disinfectant, cleaning air filters, and disposing of any spent substrate or failed cultures promptly. 

5. Optimise Your Substrate for Max Yields 

Mushrooms feed on the substrate you plant them in. Different mushrooms prefer different substrates, such as straw, wood chips, or compost. Adding supplements like gypsum or coffee grounds can further enhance your substrate to maximise yields. You only need to add a small amount of these ingredients to optimise your substrate for growth. 

Adding gypsum to your substrate can improve its structure and pH, making it easier for the mycelium to grow. Gypsum also adds calcium and sulphur to your substrate, which can enhance mushroom growth. 

Using spores to inoculate a kit works well and provides excellent results, but it is significantly slower than using a liquid culture (LC) or agar. LC and agar are much more powerful and precise and give you more control. They allow you to grow larger crops compared to the traditional spore inoculation due to the growth of rhizomorphic mycelium. It also allows you to isolate genetics that you wish to breed and grow massive flushes every time. 

6. Speed Hacking for Turbo Growth 

Mushroom cultivation is not a race; it takes time and meticulous care to grow mushrooms. The mushroom life cycle, from inoculation to harvest, can take anywhere from weeks to months depending on the species. It takes time for spores to germinate and the mycelium to grow and colonise the substrate. Don’t rush the process. 

There is no magic trick, shortcut, or remedy to drastically expedite mushroom growth – after all, mushroom growth is a natural process that heavily depends on mushroom species and growing conditions. However, there are a number of strategies you can employ to maximise and speed up your mushroom growing process. 

Optimal Conditions 

Maximising the growth rate by keeping the optimal temperature, light, and humidity levels for your chosen species of mushrooms is critical for a successful harvest. By ensuring these conditions are satisfied from the beginning, it allows for a faster - and healthier - mycelial growth, which in turn can lead to quicker fruiting. 

Nutrient-Rich Substrate 

A nutrient-rich substrate can give the mycelium the energy it needs to grow faster. Some crafty mushroom cultivators supplement their substrate with high-nutrition additives like bran or coffee grounds. This is also fantastic in terms of sustainability, since coffee grounds that are produced as waste can often be picked up for free from coffee shops. 

Liquid Cultures 

Using a liquid culture can help drastically speed up the colonisation process. With liquid culture, spores are pre-germinated to form mycelium, which is grown suspended in a nutrient-rich solution. Since the spores are pre-germinated less waiting is involved, which can promote faster growth when growing on a substrate. 

Proper Aeration 

Providing plenty of fresh air exchange can allow the mycelium to metabolise more quickly, and that can accelerate growth. Just be careful not to overdo it, as excessive fresh air can dry out your substrate. 

Strain Selection 

There are some strains of mushrooms that are naturally faster growing than others. If speed is a priority, consider choosing a fast-growing species like Oyster mushrooms. 

7. Implement CO2 Management Techniques 

High CO2 levels can suppress fruiting in mushrooms and produce tall, spindly stems. To maintain optimal CO2 levels, you should regularly fan your mushrooms and/or use a setup with a CO2 exhaust, such as when using a grow tent. 

Mushroom growth is influenced by carbon dioxide (CO2), so its careful management is crucial for successful mushroom cultivation. The majority of mushroom species will fruit better at lower CO2 levels, as high CO2 levels will inhibit the formation of fruiting bodies, causing long, thin, leggy stems. 

Regularly fanning your mushrooms or manually ventilating the grow room is a simple solution for keeping the CO2 levels high, but this method can be labour-intensive and inefficient on larger commercial grows. 

For larger operations, smart systems can be utilised that monitor and control the CO2 levels in your grow area. For example, remote monitoring systems can continuously track CO2 levels circulating in the air to prevent an excessive buildup. Once the CO2 concentration exceeds the set point, CO2 exhaust systems or CO2 scrubbers will activate until the set point is restored, providing an optimal environment for your mushrooms to thrive. 

8. Don’t Wait Around – Act Fast! 

Inoculating your mushroom grow kit or spawn as soon as possible - over time, the kit will begin to dry out, and the substrate will become less optimal for sustained mycelium growth. Remember, it is a living organism, and the fresher the kit, the higher your chance of success is. A fresh kit will be superior in every way to a kit that has sat in your cupboard for the last few months. 

Purchasing everything you need before you start will hugely improve your chances of a successful grow. Forgetting an essential item can ruin a kit you spent weeks cultivating, whether it’s as simple as a mister or a premium item like an incubator. Mushrooms thrive with consistency, and your kit will produce great results – providing it has everything it needs. I have created a checklist below to get you started. 

In Conclusion 

Growing mushrooms can be complicated, but with these 8 mushroom growing hacks, you can maximise your yields and save yourself from dreaded contaminations. Be sure to follow our easy-to-use guides to get in-depth while referring to this post to eliminate guesswork and maximise your understanding and develop your skills to that next level. 

If you have questions we have not covered, just reach out to us and one of our mycologists will be happy to help you with your question.